Operating Under Part 107 vs. Recreational Rules: What’s the Difference?
When it comes to flying drones in the United States, there are two primary legal pathways: recreational flying under the Exception for Limited Recreational Operations, and commercial or non-recreational flying under FAA Part 107. Understanding the difference between these two sets of rules is essential to avoid fines, violations, or unsafe practices.
Let’s break down the key differences between recreational and Part 107 operations, so you can fly confidently—and legally.
Purpose of the Flight
The biggest difference lies in your intent.
- Recreational Drone Use: If you're flying just for fun, without any expectation of payment, employment, or business benefit, you’re a recreational flyer.
- Part 107 Commercial Use: If your flight has a business purpose, even indirectly—like capturing aerial shots for a real estate listing, inspecting a roof, or posting monetized YouTube videos—it’s commercial. This requires a Remote Pilot Certificate under Part 107.
Even if you’re not directly getting paid, if someone benefits from your flight commercially, it falls under Part 107.
Certification Requirements
- Recreational Flyers: Do not need a Part 107 license but must pass the FAA Recreational UAS Safety Test (TRUST) online. It’s free and only takes about 30 minutes.
- Part 107 Pilots: Must pass the FAA’s Aeronautical Knowledge Test and pass a TSA background check to receive their Remote Pilot Certificate.
Where You Can Fly
Both recreational and Part 107 pilots must follow airspace restrictions, but commercial pilots generally have more flexibility:
- Recreational Flyers: Can only fly in Class G (uncontrolled) airspace without prior approval. Flying in controlled airspace (Class B, C, D, or E) requires authorization through LAANC or FAA DroneZone
- Part 107 Pilots: Can also use LAANC or request waivers for more complex missions. They may be permitted to fly in areas recreational flyers cannot.
Flight Rules and Limitations
Here’s how the flight operations differ:
| Rule | Recreational | Part 107 |
|---|---|---|
| Max Altitude | 400 ft AGL | 400 ft AGL (some exceptions) |
| Fly Over People | No | Only with waiver or special drone |
| Night Flying | With light, limited | Allowed with proper lighting |
| Visual Line of Sight | Required | Required |
| Operating Multiple Drones | One drone at a time | Only one drone per pilot |
Documentation and ID Requirements
- Recreational: TRUST completion certificate (must be carried), FAA registration (if drone > 0.55 lbs).
- Part 107: Remote Pilot Certificate, registration for each drone, and ID upon request by law enforcement or FAA officials.
Insurance and Liability
While neither pathway requires insurance, Part 107 operators are strongly encouraged (and often contractually required) to carry drone liability insurance for business operations.
Whether you’re flying for fun or profit, knowing the difference between recreational rules and Part 107 regulations protects you legally and helps ensure safe skies for everyone. If you’re planning to earn money with your drone, you must operate under Part 107—there are no shortcuts. Getting certified opens up more opportunities and provides broader legal protections, not to mention increased credibility in the growing drone industry.
Ready to upgrade your drone hobby into a certified profession? Check out our step-by-step guide to earning your Part 107 license.
